WORLD CIVIL WAR SINCE 1789 -1793

A civil war between revolution and counterrevolution has been raging since 1789. In 1989 it was 200 years old but is still continuing. Soon after the Paris Revolution broke out the first book of resistance to France’s European civil warfare was published in England. Meanwhile the civil war raged on, so far only in Europe.

The world civil war started when the kingdom was abolished in France and the prison of the Bastille was stormed on July 14, 1789. After some years of revolutionary rule in France a republic was introduced. The revolutionary Jacobin terror started in 1793 and lasted until 1795 with thousands being executed. Queen Marie Antoinette was among those who perished. Royalists and counterrevolutionaries in western France and in many other areas rose in insurgency. The terror regime was lead by the s.c. Welfare Executive, headed by Maxmilien Robespierre. There was bloody repression against counterrevolutionary insurgents. A totalitarian regime in France continued with Napoleon’s empire and its policy of conquest in Europe.

Edmund Burke’s book “Reflections on the Revolution in France” was published in 1790. Burke was a member of the British parliament and warned that the French revolution could have disastrous effects also in England. The talk of human rights and freedom in France was early unmasked in the book. Instead according to Burke the revolution would end in total oppression and terror, which also was the case in 1793.

The great English (but Irish-born) philosopher and politician before his death in 1797 described the global threat of the Jacobins in a number of letters (one of them was not published until 1812, “Letters on a Regicide Peace”, 1797).

It was the duty of England to save Europe from the Jacobin danger. A war had to be carried on until that danger stopped and Napoleon was defeated. A war that would end in military victory had to be conducted, a long war. It also continued until 1815, long after the death of Edmund Burke:

In international law war was justified…The wars may be wrong and violent: but also they may be ‘the sole means of justice among nations’…Britain should wage war unrelentingly upon the Jacobins…they were bent on ruining the Christian commonwealth of Europe…Jacobinism was a general evil, not merely a local one; so what was being fought was a civil war, not a foreign war…Britain must strike at the heart of Jacobin power, in France. Should Jacobinism be allowed to retain the core of the European commonwealth, in time Jacobinism would triumph everywhere…It did not rely on numbers, but upon tight organization and fanatic belief.

In a biography of Edmund Burke (“Edmund Burke -A Genius Reconsidered”, 1967) was described not only French despotism. Long after the English genius had died Communism and Nazism threatened the European continent and the world. Over 200 years ago it was described by Burke:

By propaganda and terror, the masters of such a total state [will conquer]…Only intervention by a free nation, employing all its resources and faith with a force and spirit equal to that of the radical oligarchy, can work emancipation…

The Jacobin state had to be destroyed otherwise it would destroy all of Europe. We can still hear the voice of Burke across the centuries calling out against abstract ideologies: Socialism, Communism, Nazism, Maoism, Anarchism and a host of other doctrines.

The French revolution initiated a long line of socialist theorists, which reached their “height” with the Bolshevik revolution in 1917.

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote the Communist Manifesto in 1848 for the first communist party. The main goal was violent revolution and restructuring of society. The communists, they wrote, do not hide their views and intentions. They openly declare that their goal will be reached through violent revolution of all existing societies.

Marx described the Paris Commune (the rising in France’s capital 1871) as the first socialist state, which had, he claimed, been initiated by himself. The commune lasted 72 days and cost more than 20,000 lives. The same year Marx published the book “The Civil War in France” and claimed that the Commune was a true dictatorship of the proletariat. In reality it was never socialist. The role of the socialists in the leadership was very limited.

The Russian revolutionaries had Robespierre and the Jacobins as their models. It was in connection with the Bolshevik revolution in Russia that the mass murder of the European civil war was initiated. This has been described in detail in “The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression” (in English 1999; in the chapter A State Against Its People: Violence, Repression and Terror in the Soviet Union). This author already in 1982 (Pro Veritate, Uppsala) published a thin volume on Communist crimes since 1917.

After the taking of power of the Bolsheviks the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) initiated class extermination. The bourgeois was to be exterminated and the European Civil War cost more lives. Already in the summer of 1918 European newspapers reported of the terrible crushing of a social class and already in 1921 the losses on the European civil war’s Russian front was reported to be 1,6 million. Alexander Solzhenitsyn (The Gulag Archipelago, 1974) and Lev Kopelev (To Be Preserved Forever, 1977) have with great insight depicted mass slaughter in the Soviet Union until the death of Stalin in 1953. Karl Radek, who was the CPSU party representative in Germany, wrote in 1919 that the revolution does not debate with its enemies. It crushes them just like counterrevolution (“The Development of Socialism from Science to Deed”, in German).

German Nazism and Italian Fascism used bourgeois fear that class extermination in Russia would be the model for Germany and Italy if the communists took power. In Germany the Nazis copied the Russian communist technique for extermination of enemies, both political and so called “racial enemies” (Jews).

After a preparatory time in the 1930s a new phase of the European Civil War started. Germany and Italy attacked in Europe. Gradually the so called Steel Pact was enlarged to the Anti-Comintern Pact including the Asian great power Japan. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor the European Civil War developed into a World Civil War, which ended with allied victory over Germany and Japan in 1945.

After 1945 the “hot war” developed into a Cold World Civil War (Stefan T. Possony, “A Century of Conflict – Communist Techniques of World Revolution 1848 – 1950”, Chicago 1953). The Chinese communists took power over Mainland China in 1949 and an era of class extermination was initiated. This phase of the world civil war is described in “The Black Book of Communism” (China A Long March into Darkness) and in Bertil Haggman’s book “The Communist Holocaust” (in Swedish 1982). The number of victims (larger than in the Soviet Union) of Mao can presently be estimated to be 80 millions.

The communist regime in Moscow collapsed in 1991 after the United States under President Ronald Reagan had changed American foreign policy from containment of the Soviet Union and communism to liberation of the peoples enslaved by Soviets in Eastern and Central Europe. Aid was given to European anticommunist resistance starting with Poland). A period of economic and political warfare was initiated in 1982-83 by the United States and led to freedom for a number of subjugated peoples.

The Cold War was a world-encompassing revolutionary attack on the West. The communists in Moscow and all over the world waged a total war to destroy the social structure of the enemy. The goal was to eliminate the leading classes in the West and distribute their property (especially to communists). There was no other goal in this phase of the World Civil War named the Cold War. Subversion was the method. The use of military or non-military means was coincidental to circumstances and both legal and illegal methods were used to take power in the West.

When France celebrated the 200th anniversary of the French revolution the historian Francois Furet presented communism going back to the revolution in Paris (his book “The Passing of an Illusion. The Idea of Communism in the Twentieth Century”, in English 2000).

The author of this article claims that from 1789 to 1991 first a European Civil War and then a World Civil War has raged. It has continued after 1991 and especially from September 11, 2001 when radical Islam started war on the West in the spirit of the French revolution. A dangerous threat is also the Chinese mainland communist regime ruling over more than 1 billion people, and revolutionaries in West and East supporting continued struggle. This new phase of the World Civil War is a great threat to the West. Radical Islam wants, in cooperation with terror states (like Iran and North Korea), to crush the West or at least weaken it. The risk ever present is that evil regimes cooperate with Muslim terrorists to transfer weapons of mass destruction (North Korea is believed to have 5,000 tons of biological and chemical weapons).

The terrorists are prepared to attack the United States (“the main enemy”) and other countries in the West to achieve a maximum number of victims. Since September 11, 2001, there is a new phase of the world civil war.

The victims will in this century not be counted in thousands, as during the French revolution. The new enemy of the West in the World Civil War can cause millions of victims. The twentyfirst century could become more bloody than the 20th century, when Communists and Nazis made mass extermination the main element of the ongoing world civil conflict.

Sigmund Neumann (1904 – 1962) was a German emigrant political scientist and sociologist who was forced to leave because of Nazi tyranny. When he resided in the United States he was a leading proponent of the Second Thirty Years War theory on World War I and World War II. When returning to Germany after the Second World War he was awarded honorary doctorates from the universities in Munich and Berlin.

German political scientist Sigmund Neumann (1904– 62) he called the world civil war both “the age of revolutions” and “the international civil war.” ( Michael Kunze, “Zweiter Dreißigjähriger Krieg—internationaler Bürgerkrieg/Weltbürgerkrieg. Sigmund Neumanns Beitrag zu einer begriffsgeschichtlichen Kontroverse,” in Frank Schale, Ellen Thümler, and Michael Vollmer, eds., Intellektuelle Emigration. Zur Aktualität eines historischen Phänomens (Wiesbaden: Springer, 2012).